a) Vested interests

Is possible for citizens to combat corruption to individual and systematic levels. Actually is very difficult, including exposing oneself to personal and serious risks. The main reason for this seems to be that the widespread incidence of corruption over the years has led to the development of intensely entrenched vested interests. Any attempt at reducing this corruption, therefore, hurts, and hurts seriously and monetarily, those vested interests which evoke sharp reactions. It is also clear however that the incidence of corruption in the society as a whole cannot be reduced, contained, or eliminated unless citizens decided to do so and get involved such efforts in growing numbers, with commitment, integrity, and intensity.

Because of all these difficulties the conclusion that it has to be considered as